The Kingdom of Judaea was established in 143 B.C. following a revolt against the Seleucid Empire, establishing a reign of
two major dynasties in Judaea. By the second century B.C., the kingdom became a tributory state of the Roman Republic, ruling
semi-autonomously within the confines of the Roman province of Judaea. The last king of Judaea was Simon bar Kokhba, whose
revolt in the province was put down in A.D. 135.