Characene, also known as Mesene or Meshan, was a state founded by the Iranian Hyspaosines within the Parthian Empire located
at the head of the Persian Gulf. Its capital, Charax Spasinou (Χάραξ Σπασινού), was an important port for trade between Mesopotamia
and India, and also provided port facilities for the city of Susa further up the Karun River.