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PREFIX bio: <http://purl.org/vocab/bio/0.1/>
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX crmarchaeo: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/CRMarchaeo/>
PREFIX crmdig: <http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl/CRMdig/>
PREFIX crmgeo: <http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl/CRMgeo/>
PREFIX crmsci: <http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl/CRMsci/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX dcmitype: <http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX geo: <http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#>
PREFIX nm: <http://nomisma.org/id/>
PREFIX nmo: <http://nomisma.org/ontology#>
PREFIX org: <http://www.w3.org/ns/org#>
PREFIX osgeo: <http://data.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/ontology/geometry/>
PREFIX prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#>
PREFIX rdac: <http://www.rdaregistry.info/Elements/c/>
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX sd: <http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-service-description/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX spatial: <http://jena.apache.org/spatial#>
PREFIX un: <http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Ontology1181490123.owl#>
PREFIX void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#>
PREFIX wordnet: <http://ontologi.es/WordNet/class/>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
SELECT ?uri ?label ?definition ?type WHERE {
FILTER strStarts(str(?uri), "http://nomisma.org/") .
?uri skos:prefLabel ?label FILTER langMatches(lang(?label), "en") .
OPTIONAL {?uri skos:definition ?definition FILTER langMatches(lang(?definition), "en")}
?uri rdf:type ?type FILTER (str(?type) != "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept")

FILTER NOT EXISTS {?uri dcterms:isReplacedBy ?replaced}
} ORDER BY ASC(?label)

6801 to 6900 of 13999 total results.

Villingen

Definition: The mint of Villingen, a medieval town in the Schwarzwald-Baar destrict of Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Guldengroschen

Definition: Denomination with the value of guldengroschen.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Alyattes I of Lydia

Definition: Alyattes, known to Herodotus as Ardys, was the son of Gyges, and his successor as king of Lydia.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Gyges of Lydia

Definition: Gyges (Greek: Γύγης; Lydian: 𐤨𐤰𐤨𐤠𐤮 Kukaś; fl. 7th century BC) was the founder of the Mermnad dynasty of Lydian kings. The dates of his reign are uncertain but have been tentatively estimated as c. 687 – c. 652 BC.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Wax

Definition: Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic, malleable solids near ambient temperatures. In numismatics waxes were primarily used used to create models for medals.
Type: Material, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Stone

Definition: Stone is a small piece of rock. In numismatics soft stones were often used to create models for medals.
Type: Material, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Migration Period

Definition: Term used to describe the period in time in Europe between the decline of the Roman Empire and the establishend of Germanic kingdoms (Barbaric invasions), roughly between c. AD 300 and 800.
Type: Period, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Carolingian Numismatics

Definition: The study of the Coinage of the Carolingian kingdom and empire which existed between AD 751 and c. 987.
Type: Field of Numismatics, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Ameselon

Definition: The mint at the ancient site of Ameselon in Sicily.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Apollonia, Sicily

Definition: The mint at the ancient site of Apollonia in Sicily
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Athl..., Sicily

Definition: The mint at an uncertain location, probably in the region of Caccamo in Sicily. For the likely locality and the coinage see M. Puglisi, La Sicilia da Dionisio I a Sesto Pompeo (Messina, 2009). p. 246.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Eunus of Sicily

Definition: Eunus (died 132 BC) was a Roman slave from Apamea in Syria who became the leader of the slave uprising in the First Servile War (135 BC–132 BC) in the Roman province of Sicily.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Herbita

Definition: The mint at the ancient site of Herbita in Sicily.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Lopadusa

Definition: Ancient mint on the island of Lopadusa (mod. Lampedusa)
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Sergetion

Definition: The mint at the ancient site of Sergetion in Sicily. Its modern location is unknown.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Adranum, mercenaries

Definition: A group of mercenaries of the Timoleontic period usually taken to have been connected with issues of bronze coins at Adranum in Sicily.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Hispani

Definition: The group of Iberian settlers who struck coins in the name 'Hispanorum' at Morgantina in Sicily, probably from c. 211-133 BC.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Samians at Zankle

Definition: The group of Samian settlers who briefly took control of Zankle (Messana) in Sicily from c. 493-489 BC and issued coins there.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Cleopatra of Armenia

Definition: Cleopatra was the wife of Tiridates I of Armenia (c. AD 60-2 and 66-77). She is depicted and named on some of his coinage in both reigns.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Tyrrhenoi

Definition: The group of Tyrrhenian mercenaries who struck coinage probably in north central Sicily in the middle of the 4th century BC
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Arsames of Commagene

Definition: The existence of Arsames of Commagene has been inferred from a coinage in the name of such a king with types similar to those of Sames, who ruled from c. 130 BC. See F. Kovacs, Armenian Coinage in the Classical Period (Lancaster/London, 2016), p. 39.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Campanian Mercenaries (Entella)

Definition: A group of Campanian mercenaries, originally employed by Athens for the Sicilian expedition, and subsequently settled by the Carthaginians at Entella, where they (over)struck a silver coinage. See I. Lee, NC 2012 for discussion.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Campanian mercenaries (Nacona)

Definition: A group of Campanian mercenaries apparently settled at Nacona in Sicily in the late 4th century, where they struck a bronze coinage.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Campanian mercenaries (Tauromenium)

Definition: A group of Campanian mercenaries general yassumed to have been settled by Dionysisus I of Syracuse at Tauromenium in Sicily, where they were responsible for silver and bronze coinage
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Sicilia (Roman province)

Definition: Sicilia (/sɪˈsɪliə/; Classical Latin: [sɪˈkɪ.li.a], Ancient Greek: Σικελία) was the first province acquired by the Roman Republic, encompassing the island of Sicily. The western part of the island was brought under Roman control in 241 BC at the conclusion of the First Punic War with Carthage. A praetor was regularly assigned to the island from c.227 BC. The Kingdom of Syracuse under Hieron II remained an independent ally of Rome until its defeat in 212 BC during the Second Punic War. Thereafter the province included the whole of the island of Sicily, the island of Malta, and the smaller island groups (the Egadi islands, the Lipari islands, Ustica, and Pantelleria).
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Abyty of Hierapolis

Definition: A Syrian priest-dynast of the 4th century BC, attested on coinage from Hierapolis Bambyce.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Posideion, Syria

Definition: The mint at the site of Posideion in northern Syria.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Agate

Definition: Agate is a common rock formation, consisting of chalcedony and quartz as its primary components, consisting of a wide variety of colors. Its use goes back to the Bronze Age for jewelry and seals.
Type: Material, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Engraved

Definition: A process by which marks (images or writing) are made on a hard surface by incising with a sharp tool. It may be the manufacture method that produces objects such as coin dies or seals; or it may be a secondary treatment applied to a pre-existing numismatic object.
Type: Manufacture, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Obodas I of Nabataea

Definition: Obodas I (Ancient Greek: Ὀβόδας, Arabic: عبيدة‎ ʿUbaydah) was king of the Nabataeans from c. 99 BC to 82 BC.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Hadhramaut

Definition: Hadhramaut[a] (Arabic: حَضْرَمَوْتُ \ حَضْرَمُوتُ‎, romanized: Ḥaḍramawt / Ḥaḍramūt; Hadramautic: 𐩢𐩳𐩧𐩣𐩩, Ḥḍrmt) is a region in South Arabia, mostly in present-day eastern Yemen, And part in Oman and Saudi Arabia.
Type: Region, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Sabaean Kingdom

Definition: The Sabaeans or Sabeans (Sabaean: 𐩪𐩨𐩱, s¹bʾ; Arabic: ٱلسَّبَئِيُّوْن‎, as-Sabaʾiyyūn; Hebrew: סבאים‎) were an ancient South Arabian people of South Arabia. They spoke the Sabaean language, one of the Old South Arabian languages. They founded the kingdom of Sabaʾ (Arabic: سَـبَـأ‎), which was believed to be the biblical land of Sheba.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Idumaea

Definition: Idumaea is a region of ancient Syria in Transjordan located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.
Type: Region, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Minaean Kingdom

Definition: The Minaean people were the inhabitants of the kingdom of Ma'in (Minaean: mʿn, vocalized Maʿīn; modern Arabic معين Maʿīn) in modern-day Yemen, dating back to the 10th century BCE-150 BCE. It was located along the strip of desert called Ṣayhad by medieval Arab geographers, which is now known as Ramlat Dehem. The Minaean people were one of four ancient Yemeni groups mentioned by Eratosthenes. The others were the Sabaeans, Ḥaḑramites and Qatabānians. Each of these had regional kingdoms in ancient Yemen, with the Minaeans in the north-west (in Wādī al-Jawf), the Sabaeans to the south-east of them, the Qatabānians to the south-east of the Sabaeans, and the Ḥaḑramites further east still.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Institute of History, Department for Ancient History, Stuttgart University

Definition: With its 162 pieces, the collection of coins from antiquity at the University of Stuttgart, Institute of History, Department for Ancient History is rather small. Nevertheless, part of it (56 coins, mostly from the Roman imperial period and late antiquity) is in constant use as teaching material concerning the basics of numismatics. The other section of 106 coins was purchased as part of a scholarly project between 1994 and 1996, comprising pieces from the Pontic region under the Hellenistic king Mithridates VI. Eupator (reigned 120-63 BC).
Type: Collection, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Eleazar the Priest

Definition: Eleazar the priest signed bronze and silver coins during the Bar Kochba revolt from c.132-135 AD. He is perhaps to be identified with Eleazar of Modein.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Ki... of Idalium

Definition: Ruler of the Cypriot kingdom of Idalium in the first half of the 5th century BC.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Smithsonian American Art Museum

Definition: The Smithsonian American Art Museum (commonly known as SAAM, and formerly the National Museum of American Art) is a museum in Washington, D.C., part of the Smithsonian Institution. Together with its branch museum, the Renwick Gallery, SAAM holds one of the world's largest and most inclusive collections of art, from the colonial period to the present, made in the United States.
Type: Collection, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Nickel silver

Definition: Nickel silver is a silvery-white to yellow shining alloy of 47-64 % copper, 10-25 % nickel, 15-42 % zinc, possibly with admixtures of elements such as lead, tin, manganese or iron.
Type: Material, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Famagusta

Definition: The mint(s) in Famagusta, a city on the east coast of Cyprus.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Royal Library of Belgium

Definition: The Royal Library of Belgium is the national library of Belgium. The library has a history that goes back to the age of the Dukes of Burgundy. There are four million bound volumes in the Royal Library, including a rare book collection numbering 45,000 works. The library has more than 700,000 engravings and drawings, 150,000 maps and plans, and more than 250,000 objects, from coins to scales to monetary weights.
Type: Collection, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Antalya

Definition: The medieval and modern mint(s) of Antalya in Turkey. For earlier mints at the same place, see Attaleia (Pamphylia).
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Confederation of Athena Ilias

Definition: Confederation of city-states in the region of Mysia and Troas that issues a common coinage in the Hellenistic period
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Bottiaei

Definition: Bottiaeans or Bottiaei (Ancient Greek: Βοττιαῖοι) were an ancient people of uncertain origin, living in Central Macedonia. Sometime, during the Archaic period, they were expelled by Macedonians from Bottiaea to Bottike. During the Classical era, they played an active role in the military history of ancient Chalcidice, but after the Macedonian conquest under Philip II nothing remained except the names of these two regions and the adjective Bottiaean, which was limited to sole geographical meaning. During the late 5th and early 4th century, they issued coinages in two locations, probably at Kalindoia and Spartolos.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Kalindoia

Definition: The mint of the Bottiaeans at the site of Kalindoia in Chalcidice
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Herakleia Lynkestis

Definition: The probable site of the mint of the Fourth Meris coinage of Macedonia in the 2nd century BC.
Type: Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Amphaxians

Definition: The inhabitants of the Amphaxitis region who signed Macedonian silver and bronze coinage in the second century BC.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Euergetes, king of the Derrones

Definition: Euergetes, apparently a king fo the Derrones, is attested only through his coinage.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Ekgonos king of the Derrones

Definition: King of the Derrones, whose name appears as EKΓΟ on coins of types shared with the Derrones.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Khe..., king of the Derrones

Definition: King of uncertain name, beginning the letters XE on coins of types used by the Derrones.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Sura

Definition: Roman magistrate who signed a Macedonian silver issue (die-linked to those of Aesillas) as Legatus pro quaestore. Possibly to be identified with Q. Braetius Sura who served in Macedonia between 93 and 87 BC.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Cae(sar?)

Definition: Roman magistrate, apparently a praetor, who signed silver coinage in Macedonia apparently in succession to that of Aesillas.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Lucius Fulcinnius, Roman Quaestor

Definition: Quaestor who issued coins in Macedonia, probably in the 160s BC.
Type: Person, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Macedonians

Definition: The issuing authority of the Macedonians (ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΩΝ), in whose name coinage was produced under the late Antigonids and after the creation of the Roman province of Macedonia.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Macedonian fourth region

Definition: The fourth region (Meris) of Macedonia in whose name coinage was produced in the second century BC.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Macedonian first region

Definition: The first region (Meris) of Macedonia in whose name coinage was produced in the second century BC.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Macedonian second region

Definition: The second region (Meris) of Macedonia in whose name coinage was produced in the second century BC.
Type: Organization, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

OSCAR

Definition: Online Swiss Coin Archive (OSCAR) is a project of the Swiss National Museum in collaboration with Münzkabinett Winterthur, Bernisches Historisches Museum, Swiss Inventory of Coin Finds, Basel Historical Museum, Musée cantonal d'archéologie et d'histoire de Lausanne and the Museum of Art and History Geneva. It aims to give an interactive online typology of coins from the territory of Switzerland from medieval to modern times. Based on the software Numishare, developed by Ethan Gruber, OSCAR embraces the concept of 5-star linked open data.
Type: Type Series, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Reichsguldiner (60 Kreuzer)

Definition: Reichsguldiner (Reichsguldener) of 60 Kreuzers in accordance with the second Augsburg Reichsmünzordnung of 1559. Just like its predecessor of 72 Kreuzers of 1551 not sucessfull against the Taler, which in accordance with the Reichsmünzedikt of 1566 became the standard huge silver denomination of the Reich.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Reichsguldiner (72 Kreuzer)

Definition: Reichsguldiner (Reichsguldener) of 72 Kreuzers in accordance with the Augsburg Reichsmünzordnung of 1551. Just like its successor of 60 Kreuzers which was struck based on the second Augsburg Reichsmünzordnung of 1559, the Reichsguldiner was not sucessfull against the Taler, which in accordance with the Reichsmünzedikt of 1566 became the standard huge silver denomination of the Reich.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Albertustaler)

Definition: Introduced in 1612 in the Spanish Netherlands and named after the Spanish Governor Albrecht of Habsburg (died 1626). Highly popular Taler coin, especially in the Baltic trade. In contrast to coins struck to the 9 Taler standard of the Reichsmünzordnung the Albertustaler contains c. 1.3 grams of silver less, consequently driving full weight talers from circulation. It is also called Kreuztaler (Cross taler) and Patagon in Spanish controlled territories. In addition to Spanish/Dutch Talers of this kind, simliar Talers were issued by a number of states (Dutch Provinces, Denmark, e.g. Liege, Prussia, Braunschweig, Hungary, Courland, and Holstein). By convention, in the Münzkabinett Berlin the term Albertustaler is only used for such coins when issued outside the Habsburg empire. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde II (1930) s.v. Albertustaler p. 18.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (mining Taler)

Definition: A Taler (mining taler or Ausbeutetaler), produced from silver which was exploited from the mines resp. the profit thereof, and is described as such by either its legend or motif depicted. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Ausbeutemünze p. 51.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Bancotaler)

Definition: When the Amsterdam Bank established in 1609 began accepting the Albertustaler (Burgundian taler) in lieu of the Reichstaler (although the first containing c. 3% less of silver), Brandenburg issued in 1695 and 1696 (firstly with a gross weight of 29.23 grams and 24.36 grams fine silver, later 28.66 grams with 25.28 grams fine) and the Elector of Saxony in 1702 such Talers of the 9 1/4 Taler standard. The Hamburg bank, established in 1619 used the Bankotaler of 25.98 g fine silver as its main depot currency being of nearly equal in weight to the old Reichstaler. When in Berlin in 1765 a Royal Bank was founded, the Berlin mint struck in 1766 (back dated to 1765) Bancotalers containing 22.27 grams of fine silver. Until 1790 a total of 100,000 such talers were a part of the Royal treasury before being melted down in this year. Bancotaler were calculated as 32 Gute Groschen (in contrast to the current Reichstaler of 24 Groschen). Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Bankotaler p. 56.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Burgundy Taler)

Definition: German term used for a number of Dutch Taler size currencies [so-called Königs-/Philippstaler, and the Burgundian taler (Daldre de Bourgogne), introduced in 1567, the aformentioned talers being replaced by the Albertustaler in 1612]. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Burgundischer Taler pp. 89-90.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Jefimok)

Definition: Jefimok is a Russian term used for European Taler coins, which frequently were countermarked in Russia and thus accepted as legal tender. Talers were also used as flans to strike Russian coins.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Cassataler)

Definition: Also called Kassentaler or Kassa-Taler (Thaler). Lower-value Taler coin issued in Berg and Jülich-Berg between 1802 and 1807 based on the 16 Talers-standard.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Conventionstaler)

Definition: A Taler coin in accordance with the convention of 1753. 10 Conventionstalers were struck from the Cologne Mark. Each Conventionstaler hence contained 23.386 grams of silver. The coins frequently bear inscriptions like X EINE FEINE MARK highlighting the standard used. The Conventionstaler was valued as 32 Groschen. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Konventionstaler p. 317.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Loewentaler)

Definition: Frequently low quality imitations of the Dutch Leuwendaalder struck by Emden, Brandenburg, Rietberg, Innsbruck, Italian states, and Denmark. For the Dutch coin seen Leuwendaalder. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Löwentaler pp. 359-360.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Leeuwendaalder

Definition: A Taler size coin issued from 1575 by the Dutch provinces which shows a lion on its reverse. The Leeuwendaalder quickly became very popular in the Levant and was used especially in trade. For often low qualitiy imitations of the Leuwendaalder struck by Emden, Brandenburg, Rietberg, Innsbruck, Italian states, and Denmark see Taler (Loewentaler). Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Löwentaler pp. 359-360.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Levant Taler)

Definition: in the broadest sense any Taler size coin issued in relation to trade activities with the Easter mediterranean (Levant). Specificially those talers issued by various authorities in Italy and the Maria-Theresientaler, which was intensifly issued posthumously. In particular this term identifies those Prussian talers struck in 1766 and 1767 in a (finally) failed attempt to participate in this trade. Compare F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Maria Theresientaler p. 370.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Speciedaler

Definition: Scandinavian variant of the Speciestaler. Used in Denmark and Norway, resp. in Norway following its independence from Denmark.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Speciestaler)

Definition: A term to describe Taler coins, of which nine pieces were struck from the Mark (i.e. the old 9-Taler standard), valued as 32 Groschen, in contrast to the contemporary Reichstaler, which was valued as 24 Groschen. Often the brief variant Species was used. The term originally differentiated the physical coin from the unit of account. When the Conventionstaler was introduced in 1753 it frequently was called a Speciestaler, too. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Species pp. 645-655.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Vereinstaler)

Definition: Talers and double talers which are based on the coin treaty of Dresden of 1838 and the one signed in Vienna in 1857 are also called Vereinstaler resp. Vereinsdoppeltaler. They are based on the 14-Taler standard based on the Cologne Mark of 233.85 grams. The 1857 agreement uses the same standard, now calculated on the Zollpfund of 500 grams, from which 30 Talers are struck. The last Vereinstalers were issued in Austria in 1866 and in Germany in 1872. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Vereinstaler p. 718 (on the 1857 agreement).
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Salzburg Loewentaler)

Definition: Designed on behalf of Hieronymus Graf von Colloredo, archbishop of Salzburg, in 1790, these Taler coins had to be melted down again because the Elector of Bavaria did sucessfully object to the use of lions - a secular privilege - on the reverse of a coin issued by an ecclesiastical authority.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

120 Kreuzer (sog. Kippertaler)

Definition: Denomination of the Kipper period. Even though this denomination is often referred to in the literature as a Taler resp. a Kippertaler, it does not represent a Reichstaler. If anything, it is a double Gulden: "From this, however, it is also clear that these coins, often referred to in the literature as Kippertaler, could not have been Talers of any kind, they were rather Gulden. In contrast to talers, which had to contain a defined quantity of silver, guldens (florins) embody a counted quantity, specifically the quantity of 60 kreuzers. It did not matter whether the kreuzers were full-value or not. Five pieces of 12 kreuzers valued as 60 kreuzers and thus arithmetically always one florin (at different times, of course, with completely different intrinsic value)." [L. Koppe - T. Seitz, Die Kippermünzen von Sachsen-Weimar 1619-1622 (2012) p. 19].
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (150 Kreuzer)

Definition: Taler valued as 150 Kreuzers.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (32 Schillinge)

Definition: Taler valued as 32 Schillings.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Taler (Palmbaumtaler)

Definition: Inofficial and colloquial name (Palm tree taler) used for a group of mostly North German Taler coins of the 17th century, which show a palm tree on their reverses.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Philip's Taler

Definition: The Daldre Philippus was first struck in 1539, and represents a Taler size coin issued in the Spanish Netherlands. The German term Philippstaler was used for all Dutch taler size coin bearing the portrait of King Philip II of Spain (also called Königstaler = king's taler). This term in a broad sense hence refers to the Daldre Philippus first struck in 1539, and the Burgundian Taler, also called Kreuzreichtaler in German (Daldre de Bourgogne), issued from 1567, see here under Burgundy Taler. These two taler denominations were replaced by the Albertustaler in 1612. Lit.: F. von Schrötter, Wörterbuch der Münzkunde (1930) s.v. Burgundischer Taler pp. 89-90.
Type: Denomination, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Genius

Definition: In Roman religion, the genius is the individual instance of a general divine nature that is present in every individual person, place, or thing.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Vesta

Definition: Vesta is the virgin goddess of the hearth, home, and family in Roman religion. She was rarely depicted in human form, and was often represented by the fire of her temple in the Forum Romanum.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Moneta

Definition: Juno Moneta, an epithet of Juno, was the protectress of funds, and, accordingly, money in ancient Rome was coined in her temple.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Minerva

Definition: Minerva is the Roman goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare, justice, law, victory, and the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Mars

Definition: In ancient Roman religion and myth, Mars was the god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome. He was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and he was the most prominent of the military gods in the religion of the Roman army.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Proserpina

Definition: Proserpina is an ancient Roman goddess whose cult, myths and mysteries were combined from those of Libera, an early Roman goddess of wine. She is the Roman equivalent to the Greek, Persephone.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Liber

Definition: In ancient Roman religion and mythology, Liber, also known as Liber Pater ("the free Father"), was a god of viticulture and wine, fertility and freedom.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Jupiter Ammon

Definition: Jupiter Ammon is the Romanized Greco-Egyptian syncretic deity established by the Ptolemies to combine the attributes of the "king of the gods" Zeus (Jupiter) and Amun.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Felicitas

Definition: In ancient Roman culture, felicitas is a condition of divinely inspired productivity, blessedness, or happiness. Felicitas could encompass both a woman's fertility and a general's luck or good fortune. The divine personification of Felicitas was cultivated as a goddess. Although felicitas may be translated as "good luck," and the goddess Felicitas shares some characteristics and attributes with Fortuna, the two were distinguished in Roman religion.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Ares

Definition: Ares is the Greek god of courage and war. He is one of the Twelve Olympians, and the son of Zeus and Hera.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Virtus

Definition: In Roman mythology, Virtus was the deity of bravery and military strength, the personification of the Roman virtue of virtus.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Sol

Definition: Denomination with the value of sol.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Cybele

Definition: Cybele is an Anatolian mother goddess. Phrygia's only known goddess, she was probably its national deity. Greek colonists in Asia Minor adopted and adapted her Phrygian cult and spread it to mainland Greece and to the more distant western Greek colonies around the 6th century BC.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Flora

Definition: Flora is a Roman goddess of flowers and of the season of spring – a symbol for nature and flowers (especially the may-flower). While she was otherwise a relatively minor figure in Roman mythology, being one among several fertility goddesses, her association with the spring gave her particular importance at the coming of springtime.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Roma

Definition: In ancient Roman religion, Roma was a female deity who personified the city of Rome and more broadly, the Roman state. She embodied and idealised certain of Rome's ideas about itself, its advancement and its eventual domination of its neighbours.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Libertas

Definition: Libertas is the Roman goddess and personification of liberty. She became a politicised figure in the Late Republic, featured on coins supporting the populares faction, and later those of the assassins of Julius Caesar.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Pietas

Definition: Pietas, or "filial piety", was one of the chief virtues among the ancient Romans. Pietas was the divine presence in everyday life that cautioned humans not to intrude on the realm of the gods.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Hermes

Definition: Hermes is an Olympian deity in ancient Greek religion and mythology. Hermes is considered the herald of the gods.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Salus

Definition: Salus was the Roman goddess of safety and well-being (welfare, health and prosperity) of both the individual and the state.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Pax

Definition: Pax, was the Roman goddess of peace derived and adopted from the ancient Greek equivalent Eirene.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

Neptune

Definition: Neptune is the god of freshwater and the sea in Roman religion.
Type: Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme: http://nomisma.org/id/

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