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6501 to 6600 of 13999 total results.

Möngke Khan

Definition
Möngke (11 January 1209 – 11 August 1259) was the fourth khagan of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his reign. Under Möngke, the Mongols conquered Iraq and Syria as well as the kingdom of Dali (modern Yunnan).
Type
Person, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Corroded

Definition
Corroded: most of the surface is corroded or the entire surface is covered with small to medium-sized depressions or incrustations. According to "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520).
Type
Corrosion, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Heavily corroded

Definition
Heavily corroded: the entire surface is degraded and and deformed by corrosion holes or incrustations. Thin coins often have sections broken away or holes. According to "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520).
Type
Corrosion, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Extremely corroded

Definition
Extremely or totally corroded: The surface is completely eroded or incrusted; the form of the original relief has disappeared. Thin coins can be riddled with holes or fragmented. According to "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520).
Type
Corrosion, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Little to no corrosion

Definition
Not or barely corroded: the surface of the coin is intact, or corrosion is hardly noticeable. According to "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520).
Type
Corrosion, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Corrosion not determined

Definition
Undetermined: corrosion is or cannot be determined. According to "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520).
Type
Corrosion, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Lightly corroded

Definition
Lightly corroded: the surface is slightly degraded in a number of places or covered with a light layer of corrosion. According to "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520).
Type
Corrosion, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Coin weight

Definition
Weight for checking whether coins are of the correct weight
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Strip

Definition
A metal strip that is used for the production of coins.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Patrix

Definition
A punch with the design (or part thereof) of a coin raised in positive used to produce coin dies
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Badge

Definition
A badge is a device or accessory, often containing the insignia of an organization, which is presented or displayed to indicate some feat of service, a special accomplishment, a symbol of authority granted by taking an oath, a sign of legitimate employment or student status, or as a simple means of identification (en.wikipedia.org).
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Punch

Definition
Small stamp for making test or similar marks on coins or similar objects, or for stamping an individual element of the design into a coin die
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Pattern coin

Definition
Test strike with a coin die
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Flan

Definition
Coin flan, generally in the form of a small metal plate
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Hacksilver

Definition
Hacksilver (sometimes referred to as hacksilber) consists of fragments of cut and bent silver items that were used as bullion or as currency by weight in antiquity.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Webbing

Definition
Remains of the metal sheet from which coin flans or coins struck on a strip were cut out
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Commodity money

Definition
Object that originally had another function, but that at the same time or subsequently is used as money (or a money substitute)
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Model

Definition
A pettern (positive) for the production of coin dies or casting moulds.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Matrix

Definition
A tool or mould into which material was pressed, stamped, forged, etc. in order to produce e.g. a bracteate (jewellery or coin) or a patrix die.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Gaming token

Definition
Coin-like object as a substitute for money in games
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Reckoning counter

Definition
Coin-like object for calculating or counting on a board, in later periods also used as a gaming token or toy coin
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Casting waste

Definition
Remains of metal left over from casting.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Money of necessity

Definition
Non-regular money issued in an emergency by a regular or other authority due to an acute shortage of money; often made of lower value or unusual material
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Impression

Definition
Impression of a coin or coin-like object (in different materials; material to be recorde in the note; material of the original coin in the numisamtic description)
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Toy money

Definition
An imitation of a coin, banknote, etc. used as a substitute for money in games.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Bracteate (jewellery)

Definition
A flat, thin, single-sided (gold) medal worn as jewellery that was produced in Northern Europe predominantly during the Migration Period (en.wikipedia.org).
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Countermark punch

Definition
A tool that is used to punch into a coin subsequent to the original striking an additional mark or symbol that had meaning in the contemporary context of the coin (for example to mark a specific payment or to revalue a coin).
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Coin ornament

Definition
Imitation of a coin used as jewellery or as decoration on clothing or similar; often very light, frequently only struck on one side
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Goods label

Definition
An object, normally of non-precious metal, often with punchmarks which - attached to a particular article - indicates the producer or an authority that checked it
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Coin balance

Definition
Fine balance for checking the weights of coins.
Type
Object Type, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Subaerat

Definition
Coin with a copper alloy core the surface of which is of a different metal.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Overstrike

Definition
Striking of a new type uisng an existing coin as a flan. Elements of the original type are visible beneath the new one.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Hammered rim

Definition
Creation of a raised rim by hammering parallel to the two faces of the coin.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Subferrat

Definition
Coin with an iron core the surface of which is of a different metal.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Recut die

Definition
Secondary re-engraving of a coin die after it has already been used to strike coins, for example to repair defects in the die or modify the design.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Silvered

Definition
With an overlay (wholly or in parts) of a thin layer of silver.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Folded flan

Definition
A flan or coin which is folded in two or more prior to being struck on the outer faces.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Flawed die

Definition
A cracked, worn, corroded, or similarly defective die used to strike a coin.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Gouging

Definition
The practice of scraping material from the surface of a flan to reduce its weight.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Central point

Definition
Central point marked into a flan before striking.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Surface enrichment

Definition
The intentional practice of increasing the precious metal content of the surface of a coin.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Off centre

Definition
A strike whereby the die was not placed centrally on the flan, but displaced to one side so that part of the design is missing.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Cracked flan

Definition
Flan that has cracked and been partially split as a result of the striking process.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Brockage

Definition
A misstrike whereby a coin remains in the upper die after striking and acts as the die to strike the next coin, therbey producing a negative image of the design in the lower die.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Double strike

Definition
Double or multiple strike during production whereby the die is displaced for the second or subsequent strike.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Hybrid

Definition
A combination of obverse and reverse dies that do not correspond to an official emission.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Defaced

Definition
Intentional removal of the design or part of the design of a coin (for example following damnatio memoriae or the resuse of the coin for other purposes).
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Cut

Definition
Intentional division of a coin into smaller parts by cutting, other than halved or quartered.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Pecked

Definition
Marks made by pointed instrument (e.g. a knife) onto the surface of the coin.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Enamelled

Definition
With an overlay (wholly or in parts) of enamel
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Countermark

Definition
The impression left by a countermark punch (q.v.: A tool that is used to punch into a coin subsequent to the original striking an additional mark or symbol that had meaning in the contemporary context of the coin – for example to mark a specific payment or to revalue a coin).
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Graffito

Definition
Lettering or similar mark incised into the surface of a coin that had meaning in the contemporary context of the coin.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Melted

Definition
Partially or fully melted.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Rivetted

Definition
Result of being fixed to an object by rivetting.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Bent

Definition
Bent.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Suspension loop

Definition
Modified with a loop fixed secondarily to a coin, for example in order for it to be suspended from a necklace.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Halved

Definition
The result of intentional division of a coin into roughly equal halves.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Pierced

Definition
Intentional hole pierced through a coin so that it can be worn on a neclace, sewn onto textiles, etc.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Nicked

Definition
Thin scratches often c. 5 mm long and placed near the rim of the coin (direction centre to rim).
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Clipped

Definition
Part of the rim of the coin has been removed by clipping (for example to obtain metal to strike further coins).
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Repaired

Definition
Contemporary or later repair of a defect or other alteraltion (for example refilling of pierced hole, removal of suspension loop, etc.).
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Folded

Definition
Folded.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Burned

Definition
Burned.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Quartered

Definition
The result of intentional division of a coin producing a quarter of the original coin.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Notched

Definition
Cuts into the rim of the coin - also used on other object types such as hacksilber and jewellery
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Chop mark

Definition
A mark of undefined form made normally with a chisel-like tool, for example to test the pruity of the core of a coin. It can also be the result of damage caused when the coin was found.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Mounted

Definition
Mounted in such a way that the coin has become part of a new object.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Scratched

Definition
One or more scratches, intentional or unintentional. Can be the result of recovery or subsequent handling of a coin.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Punched

Definition
Intentinonally marked with a punch.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Fragmented

Definition
broken or fragmented unintentionally (in contrast to cut)
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Wear undetermined

Definition
Undetermined: wear is or cannot be determinedr: as defined by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520). Equivalent to "A/U 1" in that volume.
Type
Coin Wear, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Irene Doukaina

Definition
Wife of the Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus.
Type
Person, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

The Coinages of Demetrius Poliorcetes

Definition
The type series, The Coinages of Demetrius Poliorcetes, by Edward T. Newell. Oxford University Press, 1927. The corpus is the foundation for the coins of Demetrius published in Antigonid Coins Online, an American Numismatic Society digital project.
Type
Type Series, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Uncertain Eastern Mint

Definition
An uncertain mint in eastern extent of the Antigonid Kingdom under the reign of Demetrius I Poliorcetes.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Reverse reinforced

Definition
The practice whereby the reverse of a thin coin (e.g. a medieval bracteate) is reinforced by a collector or a restorer in a museum in order to conserve or stabilise it.
Type
Secondary Treatment, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Victory

Definition
Victoria, in ancient Roman religion, was the personified goddess of victory. She is the Roman equivalent of the Greek goddess Nike, and was associated with Bellona.
Type
Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Diana

Definition
Diana is a goddess in Roman and Hellenistic religion, primarily considered a patroness of the countryside, hunters, crossroads, and the Moon. She is equated with the Greek goddess Artemis, and absorbed much of Artemis' mythology early in Roman history.
Type
Deity, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Avenches

Definition
The mints of Avenches (ancient Aventicum) in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. A celtic coin die, a blank and fragments of clay moulds attest coinage in celtic times in the area called Sur Fourches. Merovingian tremisses with the mint name Aventecum date to the 7th century AD.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Medieval Swiss Numismatics

Definition
The study of the coins, other numismatic items and numismatic history in Switzerland and historically related territories during the medieval period (post-roman period until roughly 1500).
Type
Field of Numismatics, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Baar

Definition
The mint in Baar, in the canton of Zug, Switzerland. Franz Joseph Feuerer was Zug's mintmaster and lived in Baar, where he minted coins for Zug from 1721 to 1729.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Hyria, Orra

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Hyria (Orra or Oria) in southern Apulia.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Die Study

Definition
A die study is a type of reference work or dataset in which individual dies that comprise types are linked together by means of the analysis of engraving.
Type
Numismatic Term, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Windisch

Definition
The merovingian mint in Windisch, ancient Vindonissa, in the canton of Aargau, Switzerland.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Saint-Maurice

Definition
The mint(s) in Saint-Maurice (ancient Acaunum), in the canton of Valais, Switzerland.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Breisach

Definition
The mint(s) in Breisach, modern Breisach am Rhein in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Lyon

Definition
The medieval and modern mint(s) in Lyon, region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. For the ancient mint in Lyon, see nomisma.org/id/lugdunum.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Diessenhofen

Definition
The mint of count Hartmann IV (1227-1264) of Kyburg in Diessenhofen, canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Wangen an der Aare

Definition
The mint of count Berchtold (1383-1417) of Neu-Kyburg (Kyburg-Burgdorf) in Wangen an der Aare, canton of Bern, Switzerland. This new mint was established after the forced selling of Burgdorf and Thun to Bern as a result of the Burgdorferkrieg in 1384.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Lugano

Definition
The (planned) mint of Lugano, a municipality in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. Even though its right to mint was confirmed by the Swiss Confederacy at several occasions from 1513 to 1537, and the Swiss even approved the minting of certain denominations as the écu à la couronne or the testone, Lugano never actually startet its own coinage.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Bäch

Definition
The mint in Bäch, today part of Freienbach, canton of Schwyz, Switzerland. It was built by Lorenz Brentano, mintmaster of Schwyz, where coins of the canton of Schwyz were issued during the year 1730. The mint was closed after less than a year, because Zurich and Lucerne intervened and decried the new coins within their territories.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Bassecourt

Definition
The merovingian mint in Bassecourt, capital of the medieval Sornegau, today part of the district Haute-Sorne, canton of Jura, Switzerland.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Cornavin

Definition
The mint of Cornavin, then just outside of Geneva, Switzerland. Today part of a quartier in the center of Geneva. The duchy of Savoy issued coins in their mint at Cornavin from 1435 until 1532.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Alt-Toggenburg

Definition
The (possible) mint at the castle Alt-Toggenburg, ancestral seat of the counts of Toggenburg until 1226. After surrendering Alt-Toggenburg and Wil to the prince-abbey of St Gallen, Neu-Toggenburg became the new ancestral seat of the counts of Toggenburg. Coins of the counts of Toggenburg show the coat of arms of the Toggenburg family.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Neu-Toggenburg

Definition
The (possible) mint at the castle Neu-Toggenburg, seat of the counts of Toggenburg from 1226 onwards. Before surrendering it to the prince-abbey of St Gallen in 1226, Alt-Toggenburg was the ancestral seat of the counts of Toggenburg. Coins of the counts of Toggenburg show the coat of arms of the Toggenburg family.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Nyon

Definition
The mint in Nyon, a town in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Nyon was part of the territory of the archbishopric of Besançon before in 1272, the sovereign rights over the town and the dominion of Nyon passed to the House of Savoy, which was only able to enforce them by force of arms after a long struggle against the former governors, the Lords of Prangins, in 1293. It became the only mint of the Barony of Vaud.
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Orbe

Definition
The mint of Orbe, in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. In medieval sources often refererd to as Villa Tabernis. Merovingian tremisses of Orbe refer to the town as VRBA. Coins of Burgundy with the name of TAPERN(I)A have been attributed to Orbe too, as well as coins with "APVT ORBAM".
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Celtic Numismatics

Definition
The study of the coins, other numismatic items and numismatic history of the Celts.
Type
Field of Numismatics, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Iulius Marinus

Definition
Father of Philip the Arab. Iulius Marinus died between AD 244 and 249. His portrait appears on coins of Philippopolis in Arabia. Lit.: PIR² I 407; D. Kienast, Römische Kaisertabelle ³(2004) p. 199.
Type
Person, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Phagres

Definition
Mint at the ancient site of Phagres in Macedonia
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/

Paroreia

Definition
Mint at the ancient site of Paroreia at an uncertain location on the border of Thrace and Macedonia
Type
Mint, Concept
Concept Scheme
http://nomisma.org/id/
6501 to 6600 of 13999 total results.