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7101 to 7200 of 8284 total results.

Tutela

Definition
Tutela was the ancient Roman concept of "guardianship", conceived of as a goddess in the Imperial period, and from the earliest period as a functional role that various tutelary deities might play, particularly Juno. Tutela had particular applications in Roman law.
Type
Deity, Concept

Tigris

Definition
The Roman personification of the Mesopotamian river, the Tigris.
Type
Deity, Concept

Thrace

Definition
The Roman personification of the region of Thrace.
Type
Deity, Concept

Vejovis

Definition
Vejovis or Vejove was a Roman god of Etruscan origins. Vejovis was portrayed as a young man, holding a bunch of arrows, pilum, (or lightning bolts) in his hand, and accompanied by a goat. Romans believed that Vejovis was one of the first gods to be born. He was a god of healing, and became associated with the Greek Asclepius.
Type
Deity, Concept

Valeria Luperca

Definition
A minor legendary figure in Rome, who healed the sick during an epidemic following the sacrifice of a bull.
Type
Deity, Concept

Tyche of Antioch

Definition
An aspect of Tyche pertaining to the city of Antioch, often shown seated with a mural crown. Often, the personification of Orontes swims at her feet.
Type
Deity, Concept

Venus Aphrodisias

Definition
An epithet corresponding to the temple of Venus (Aphrodite) at Aphrodisas.
Type
Deity, Concept

Venus Felix

Definition
Venus Felix ("Lucky Venus"), probably a traditional epithet, combining aspects of Venus and Fortuna, goddess of both good and bad fortune and personification of luck, whose iconography includes the rudder of a ship.
Type
Deity, Concept

Utilitas

Definition
The Roman personification of utility.
Type
Deity, Concept

Bernisches Historisches Museum

Definition
The Bernisches Historisches Museum (BHM) is the history museum of Bern, Switzerland. The oldest of the approximately 80,000 objects date back to the 6th century BC, the most recent represent the present. The holdings were founded by the Stadtbibliothek Bern and found their way to the BHM in 1898. They contain the world's most important collection of Bernese coins and medals as well as coin and medal dies. It is also one of the most important Swiss collections of Swiss coins as well as of ancient coins (Greek and Roman). It also includes an internationally important and nationally unique collection of Oriental coins.
Type
Collection, Concept

Swiss National Museum

Definition
The Coin Cabinet of the Swiss National Museum houses the largest numismatic collection in Switzerland. The focus lies on Celtic, medieval and modern coins of Switzerland. However, the collection also includes ancient Greek and Roman coins, as well as medieval and modern coins from all over the world.
Type
Collection, Concept

Dacia

Definition
Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians. The Greeks referred to them as the Getae (east of Dacia) and the Romans called them Daci. Dacia was bounded in the south approximately by the Danubius river (Danube).
Type
Region, Concept

Venus Genetrix

Definition
The Venus Genetrix is a sculptural type which shows the Roman goddess Venus in her aspect of Genetrix ("foundress of the family"), as she was honoured by the Julio-Claudian dynasty of Rome, which claimed her as their ancestor.
Type
Deity, Concept

Via Trajana

Definition
The personification of the Via Trajana or Traiana, which was an ancient Roman road. It was built by the emperor Trajan as an extension of the Via Appia from Beneventum. It is often shown holding a wheel.
Type
Deity, Concept

Londinium

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Londinium in Britannia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Gallo-Roman Museum Tongeren

Definition
The Gallo-Roman Museum in Tongeren holds a collection of archaeological finds from northeastern Belgium, dating from prehistoric, Roman and early medieval times (up to 900 AD). Part of this collection are more than 7000 coins, mainly Roman coins found in Tongeren (the Roman town of Atuatuca Tungrorum) and to a lesser extent Celtic, Roman, Merovingian and Carolingian coins from the region.
Type
Collection, Concept

Plaquette

Definition
A plaquette is a small relief object of art, similiar to a medal, but in contrast to a medal only decorated on one side only. It often is of square or angular shape.
Type
Object Type, Concept

Epidamnus

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Epidamnus, later Dyrrhachium in Illyricum.
Type
Mint, Concept

Pagasae

Definition
The mint at theancient of Pagasae in Thessaly
Type
Mint, Concept

Medieval German Numismatics

Definition
The study of the coins, other numismatic items and numismatic history of Medieval Germany.
Type
Field of Numismatics, Concept

The IRIS Typology

Definition
The skeleton typology for Greek coinage produced as part of the ARCH project.
Type
Type Series, Concept

Modern Austrian Numismatics

Definition
The study of the coins, other numismatic items and numismatic history in Austria and historically related territories since the post-medieval period (roughly 1500).
Type
Field of Numismatics, Concept

Ludwig Gies

Definition
German sculptor and medalist. Lit.: B. Ernsting, Ludwig Gies. The Munich Years, The Medal 13, 1988, pp. 58-72; B. Ernsting, Ludwig Gies. Meister des Kleinreliefs. Mit Werkverzeichnis der Medaillen und Plaketten, Münzen und Münzentwürfe, Siegel und Trockenstempel. Köln (1995); Die Kunstmedaille in Deutschland 14 (2000) p. 331; Die Kunstmedaille in Deutschland 24 (2007) pp. 141-156.
Type
Person, Concept

Karl Goetz

Definition
German medalist. In particular known for his WWI medals. Lit.: L. Forrer, Biographical Dictionary of Medallists II (1904) p. 286; VII (1923) p. 379; G. W. Kienast, The Medals of Karl Goetz (1967); Suppl. volume (1986); M. Heidemann, Medaillenkunst in Deutschland von 1895 bis 1914. Die Kunstmedaille in Deutschland 8 (1998) p. 497.
Type
Person, Concept

Wilhelm Achtenhagen

Definition
No biographical information is known. Achtenhagen is attested with medalic works at the Deutsche Kunstausstellung in Cologne in 1906. He also later produced some World War medals. Some of his medals are kept in the Kunsthalle Hamburg. Lit.: M. Heidemann, Medaillenkunst in Deutschland von 1895 bis 1914. Die Kunstmedaille in Deutschland 8 (1998) p. 489 (with additional references).
Type
Person, Concept

Hugo Bendorff

Definition
Hugo Bendorff was born in 1867 in Riga, there is no addititonal biographical information available. Bendorff was a student of Carl Bernewitz in Berlin. As a medalist he took with some of his works part at the Berlin Edition of the Deutsche Schaumünze. Lit.: W. Steguweit, Das Münzkabinett der Königlichen Museen zu Berlin und die Förderung der Medaillenkunst. Künstlerbriefe und Medaillenedition zum Ersten Weltkrieg. Das Kabinett 5 (1998) p. 178.
Type
Person, Concept

Apollodotus I of Bactria

Definition
Apollodotus I Soter was an Indo-Greek king between 180 BCE and 160 BCE (according to Bopearachchi) or between 174 and 165 BCE (according to Senior)
Type
Person, Concept

Follis

Definition
Name for Byzantine bronze coins worth 40 nummi. Sometimes also used for the Roman billon coins of the Diocletianic reform and of the first half of the 4th century AD, although there is no concrete evidence for the attribution. The Byzantine coins bear the letter M resp. numeral XXXX as a mark of value.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Centenionalis

Definition
A term for Roman billon/copper coins attested in the 4th century AD. It is often applied to the AE3 coins of the second half of the 4th/early-5th centuries, but without any concrete evidence for the attribution.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Sestertius

Definition
An ancient denomination with the value of 1/4 denarius; originally 2 1/2, after the retariffing of the denarius 4 asses. Introduced in the late-3rd century BC as a silver coin, from the Augustan coin reform it was struck in brass.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Antoninianus

Definition
The antoninianus (not a contemporary Roman term) was a coin used during the Roman Empire thought to have been valued at 2 denarii. It was initially silver, but was slowly debased to bronze. It is not known what it was called in antiquity.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Aes Grave

Definition
Cast bronze coins used in central Italy in the 3rd century BC. The value was normally indicated by signs: I for the as, S for semis and pellets for unciae.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Miliarensis

Definition
Late Roman silver denomination.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Aes Signatum

Type
Denomination, Concept

Decadrachm

Definition
An ancient denomination with the value of 10 drachms.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Brockage

Definition
A misstrike whereby a coin remains in the upper die after striking and acts as the die to strike the next coin, therbey producing a negative image of the design in the lower die.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept

Double strike

Definition
Double or multiple strike during production whereby the die is displaced for the second or subsequent strike.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept

Aelia Anastasia

Definition
Aelia Anastasia, Greek name Ino, was the wife of the Byzantine emperor Tiberius II Constantinus (who reigned 578-582).
Type
Person, Concept

Galepsus

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Galepsus in Macedonia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Victoriatus

Definition
An ancient denomination of uncertain value that derives its name from the reverse type
Type
Denomination, Concept

Clannudda

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Clannudda in Lydia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Siliqua

Definition
Siliqua is the modern name given to small, thin, Roman silver coins introduced in the 4th century.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Uncia

Definition
An ancient denomination with the value of 1/12 as.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Smyrna

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Smyrna in Ionia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Marcianopolis

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Marcianopolis in Thrace.
Type
Mint, Concept

Caesareia Samariae

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Caesareia in Samaria.
Type
Mint, Concept

Eurydiceia

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Eurydiceia, the name of the refoundation of Smyrna in Ionia, probably by Lysimachus between c. 300 and 281 BC.
Type
Mint, Concept

Mithropastes

Definition
Mithropastes was ruler in Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Persian administration in the period after the death of Datames in 362 BC. He issued silver coins with the types of Sinope.
Type
Person, Concept

Orontobates

Definition
Orontobates was ruler in Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Persian administration in the period after the death of Datames in 362 BC. He issued silver coins with the types of Sinope.
Type
Person, Concept

Hydarnes

Definition
Hydarnes was ruler in Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Persian administration in the period after the death of Datames in 362 BC. He issued silver coins with the types of Sinope.
Type
Person, Concept

Tyryn

Definition
Tyryn was ruler in Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Persian administration in the period after the death of Datames in 362 BC. He issued silver coins with the types of Sinope.
Type
Person, Concept

Aelia Capitolina

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Aelia Capitolina in Judea.
Type
Mint, Concept

Artaxias II of Armenia

Definition
Artaxias II, also known as Artaxes II and Artashes was a Prince of the Kingdom of Armenia, member of the Artaxiad Dynasty and King of Armenia from 34 BC until 20 BC.
Type
Person, Concept

Procles I of Teuthrania

Definition
Procles I was a king of the city of Teuthrania in Mysia, near Pergamum, who was allied with the Achaemenids ca. 399 B.C. The coinage of Procles displays one of the earliest portraits of a Greek ruler on a coin.
Type
Person, Concept

Stratoniceia-Hadrianopolis

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Stratoniceia-Hadrianopolis in Lydia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Timbrium

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Timbrium in Phrygia. It minted coins under Septimius Severus.
Type
Mint, Concept

Off centre

Definition
A strike whereby the die was not placed centrally on the flan, but displaced to one side so that part of the design is missing.
Type
Peculiarity of Production, Concept

Antiocheia of Margiana

Definition
Antiochia in Margiana (also Merv) was a major oasis-city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, located near today's Mary in Turkmenistan. Several cities have existed on this site, which is significant for the interchange of culture and politics at a site of major strategic value.
Type
Mint, Concept

Antiocheia ad Callirhoem

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Antiochia ad Callirhoem in Mesopotamia. The Seleucid name for Edessa.
Type
Mint, Concept

Antiocheia ad Sarum

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Antiocheia ad Sarum, the Seleucid refoundation of Adana in Cilicia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Ptolemais, Pamphylia

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Ptolemais in Pamphylia
Type
Mint, Concept

Antiocheia (Alabanda)

Definition
The mint at the city of Antioch of the Chrysaorians, the Seleucid refoundation of Alabanda. The mint was active between c. 203 and 190 BC.
Type
Mint, Concept

Ptolemais (Lebedus)

Definition
The mint at the ancient city of Ptolemais, the Ptolemaic refoundation of Lebedus in Ionia. The mint was active between c. 246-197 BC.
Type
Mint, Concept

Seleuceia (Tralles)

Definition
The mint at the site of Seleuceia, the refoundation of the city of Tralles as a Seleucid settlement at some point after 281 BC.
Type
Mint, Concept

Arsinoe (Ephesus)

Definition
The mint at the city of Arsinoe, the refoundation of Ephesus, under Lysimachus from c. 294-281 BC.
Type
Mint, Concept

Arsinoe, Crete

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Arsinoe in Crete.
Type
Mint, Concept

Gulussa of Numidia

Definition
Gulussa son of Masinissa, was the second legitimate son of Masinissa. Gulussa became the King of Numidia along with his two brothers around 148 BC and reigned as part of a triumvirate for about three years.
Type
Person, Concept

Antiocheia ad Pyramum

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Antiocheia ad Pyramum in Cilicia.
Type
Mint, Concept

Museum zu Allerheiligen Schaffhausen

Definition
The Museum zu Allerheiligen in Schaffhausen, Switzerland houses a coin collection with focus on coins and medals from Schaffhausen.
Type
Collection, Concept

Seleuceia ad Pyramum

Definition
The mint at the ancient site of Seleuceia ad Pyramum in Cilicia
Type
Mint, Concept

Antioch on the Persian Gulf

Definition
"Antioch on the Persian Gulf" is the name given by Otto Mørkholm to an uncertain eastern mint. He identified this mint as the Seleucid refoundation of Alexandria on the Erythrean Sea (the later Charax Spasinou), but it is unclear that this attribution is correct. The attribution was retained in parentheses in Seleucid Coins, Part 2. The coins of this mint seem to have exclusively Susian provenances.
Type
Mint, Concept

Wreath Mint (Seleucid)

Definition
The so-called "Wreath" Mint" (Formerly the Delta-iota Mint) of Seleucid royal coinage, probably to be identified with Damascus.
Type
Mint, Concept

Sardis?

Definition
"Sardes" is in fact a Seleucid mint in Phrygia, probably Laodicea on the Lycus.
Type
Mint, Concept

Rose Mint (Seleucid)

Definition
The so-called "Rose" Mint of Seleucid royal coinage, perhaps to be identified with Edessa.
Type
Mint, Concept

Hippias of Athens

Definition
Hippias (Greek: Ἱππίας; c. 570 BC – 490 BC), son of Peisistratus, was the last tyrant of Athens, ruling from c. 527 to 510 BC. He was deposed when Cleomenes I of Sparta successfully invaded Athens and forced him to flee to Persia. He issued coins as dynast of the city of Sigeion (Sigeum) in the Troad.
Type
Person, Concept

Agathocleia of Bactria

Definition
Agathocleia Theotropos was an Indo-Greek queen who ruled at the same time as Strato I and Heliocles II.
Type
Person, Concept

Gauda of Numidia

Definition
Gauda was a king of Numidia, who reigned from 105 BC to 88 BC. He was the son of Mastanabal and a grandson of Masinissa. Gauda was thus also a half-brother of Jugurtha. He was the father of Hiempsal II and the grandfather of Juba I.
Type
Person, Concept

Strato I of Bactria

Definition
Strato I was an Indo-Greek king, ruling at the same time as Agathocleia and Heliocles II.
Type
Person, Concept

Heliocles II of Bactria

Definition
Heliocles II Dikaios is an Indo-Greek king, ruling at the same time as Strato I and Agathocleia.
Type
Person, Concept

Demetrius III of Bactria

Definition
Demetrius III Aniketos is an Indo-Greek king
Type
Person, Concept

Hermaeus of Bactria

Definition
Hermaeus Soter or Hermaios Soter was an Indo-Greek king.
Type
Person, Concept

5 Nummi

Definition
A denomination with the value of 5 nummi. The coin bears the letters V resp. E.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Nomisma Histamenon

Definition
The term applied to the standard, full-weight gold denomination between 963 and 1092 to differentiate from the light-weight gold denomination (nomisma tetarteron). During the reign of Michael IV (1034-1041), the coin began to take a slightly concave shape, with the degree of curvature increasing over time. During the eleventh century, the coin went through various phases of debasement, with the gold content plummeting in the 1080s.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Miliaresion

Definition
A silver denomination with the nominal value of 1/12 of the nomisma. It was introduced under emperor Leo III in 720 and continued to be struck until the mid-eleventh century collapse. The coin was characteristic for its design which remained virtually unchanged for 200 years: the five or six-row inscription on the obverse and the cross on steps surrounded with the motto ‘Jesus Christ Conquers’ on the reverse.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Hexagram

Definition
A silver denomination with the value of 1/12 of the solidus. The coin was introduced under Emperor Herakleios (610–641) in 615 but ceased to be minted by the early eighth century under Emperor Anastasios II (713-715).
Type
Denomination, Concept

Nomisma Tetarteron

Definition
A light-weight gold denomination with the value of c. 22-22 ½ carats. The coin was introduced under Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas (r. 963-969) and continued to be struck until the monetary reform of Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081-1118) in 1092. During the eleventh century, the coin went through various phases of debasement, with the gold content plummeting in the 1080s.
Type
Denomination, Concept

2/3 Miliaresion

Definition
A silver denomination with the value of 2/3 of the miliaresion. The coin was struck from the time of Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos (r. 1042-1055) until the coinage reforms under Alexios I Komnenos (1081-1118) in 1092.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Hyperpyron Nomisma

Definition
A Byzantine gold denomination of the 1092 reform of Alexios I Komnenus (1081-1118), produced until 1355, during the reign of John V (1341-1376). The nominal value of the Hyperpyron is 24 carats, its actual value is ca. 20 ½. Gold content will steadily decrease in time, down to 11 carats. Because of the concave fabric, it is also termed trachy Hyperpyron. It will remain the money of account after 1355. Not struck under John VI sole reign (1390) or in the later years of John V (1390-1391). Also produced under the divided empire in Nicaea and Bulgaria.
Type
Denomination, Concept

30 Nummi

Definition
A copper denomination with the value of 30 nummi. The coin was struck irregularly between the second half of the sixth century (introduced under Emperor Tiberius II, 574-582) and the early eighth century (Tiberius III, 698-705). The mark of value is either in Roman numerals (XXX) or in Greek (Λ).
Type
Denomination, Concept

Tetarteron Noummion

Definition
A Byzantine denomination of bronze, introduced by Alexios’ I reform in 1092/1093. It continued being struck until the reign of Theodore II Lascaris with John IV Lascaris (r. 1259-1261)
Type
Denomination, Concept

3 Nummi

Definition
A copper denomination with the value of 3 nummi. The coin bears a mark of value in Greek (Γ). It was struck only in Egypt throughout the period the mint in Alexandria remained in operation under Byzantine control, between the early sixth and mid-seventh century.
Type
Denomination, Concept

6 Nummi

Definition
A copper denomination with the value of 6 nummi. The coin bears the mark of value in Greek (S). It was struck only in Egypt throughout the period the mint in Alexandria remained in operation under Byzantine control, between the early sixth and mid-seventh century.
Type
Denomination, Concept

Istanbul

Definition
The mint at Istanbul as capital of the Ottoman Empire.
Type
Mint, Concept

Ariarathes III of Cappadocia

Definition
Ariarathes III (Ancient Greek: Ἀριαράθης, Ariaráthēs; reigned 262 or 255 – 220 BC), son of Ariamnes, ruler of Cappadocia, and grandson of Ariarathes II, married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, king of Syria and wife Laodice I, and obtained a share in the government during the lifetime of his father. About 250 BC he was the first ruler of Cappadocia to proclaim himself king (basileus). It is known that he sided with Antiochus Hierax in his war against Seleucus II Callinicus[citation needed]. Ariarathes is also said to have expanded his kingdom adding Cataonia to his dominions. By his marriage he was the father of Ariarathes IV.
Type
Person, Concept

Chur

Definition
The mint(s) of Chur or Coire, the capital and largest town of the Swiss canton of Grisons. Coins were issued in late merovingian times, for the carolingian Empire, the bishopric of Chur (958-1767) and the municipality of Chur (1529-1767) as well as for the Gotteshausbund (1556-1570).
Type
Mint, Concept

Coin Collection of Trier University

Definition
In 2017 Karl-Heinz Zimmer, a water engineer based in Trier, donated his collection of ancient coins to Trier University. This collection, which is now kept with the departement of Ancient History, consists of a total of 515 coins. It was built over several decades and in cooperation with local cultural heritage authorities. The collection does have a local focus, as most of the coins had been struck in the Roman mint of ancient Trier and/or were found in Trier proper, respectively. Many coins hence do have a known findspot; remarkable e.g. are many coins found at the Roman bridge in Trier (Moselbrücke) or those deposited at the Trierweiler temple. The collections thus does not only provide an imporatent teaching tool during University courses, but does represent scientific value in its own right.
Type
Collection, Concept

Max Ziegler

Definition
German sculptor and medalist in Berlin. Lit.: Thieme - Becker XXXVI p. 49; M. Heidemann, Medaillenkunst in Deutschland von 1895 bis 1914. Die Kunstmedaille in Deutschland 8 (1998) p. 515.
Type
Person, Concept

1/2 Tetarteron Noummion

Definition
A Byzantine denomination of bronze, flat, 1/1728 of Hyperpyron, produced until Alexios III (1195-1203). Struck in the divided empire in Nicaea (?), Thessalonica, under the Latin empire.
Type
Denomination, Concept

1/2 Tremissis

Definition
A fractional gold denomination with the value of 1/6 of the solidus. The coin was struck irregularly between the second half of the sixth century (under Justin II, 565-578) and the beginning of the eighth (Justinian II’s second reign, 705-711).
Type
Denomination, Concept

1/3 Miliaresion

Definition
A silver denomination with the value of 1/3 of the miliaresion. The coin was struck from the time of Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes (1068-1071) until the coinage reforms under Alexios I (1081-1118) in 1092.
Type
Denomination, Concept
7101 to 7200 of 8284 total results.